Having one or more experimental groups allows researchers to vary different levels of an experimental variable (or variables) and then compare the effects of these changes against a control group. These definitions clearly explain what your variables are, including what you are varying and what you are measuring.Įxperiments play an important role in the research process and allow psychologists to investigate cause and effect relationships between different variables. Before you begin varying things in an experiment, you need to have very clear operational definitions in place. By using random assignment, researchers can help ensure that the groups are not unfairly stacked with people who share characteristics that might unfairly skew the results. Participants might be randomly assigned using methods such as a coin flip or a number draw. In random assignment, each individual stands an equal shot at being assigned to either group. So how do researchers determine who is in the control group and who is in the experimental group? In an ideal situation, the researchers would use random assignment to place participants in groups. Care must be taken when assigning participants to groups.However, there can also be a number of different experimental groups in the same experiment. This usually involves using a control group that receives no treatment against an experimental group that receives the treatment. In order to determine the impact of an independent variable, it is important to have at least two different treatment conditions.

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